Command line (command line, console, terminal) in the operating room Windows system designed to work with the system in text mode... The software shell is used to connect the user with the operating system by entering text commands from the computer keyboard.
Working with the command line is as follows: the user launches the cmd.exe application on the computer, the interface window opens command line(command line interpreter), then the user types a command or sets of commands from the keyboard, the system executes them, sometimes issues prompts or messages displayed in the command line interface window.
To perform various tasks on the computer: launch programs, configure the system, change Windows settings etc., you need to enter specific commands for the command line.
At the dawn of the creation of operating systems, OS did not have graphical interface, all actions were performed using the commands typed on the keyboard. After the GUI appeared, the command line did not disappear from the system.
The majority of users, sooner or later, come across the command line, the other part of the users is not even aware of its existence.
The advantage of the command line is that the command line is independent of the operating system's graphical interface. The user enters commands in the command prompt window and the system executes them immediately. In some cases, this process is faster than similar steps using the Windows GUI.
The command line is often used when there is a problem with the computer, when it is impossible to perform other work to fix the system crash.
Novice users find it difficult to work with the command line due to the fact that they do not know the commands. Therefore, power users and administrators are more likely to use the command line.
In this article, you will find a list of command line commands. The table contains the main command line commands that work in the operating systems Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows 7.
How to start the command line
In Windows 10, it's not obvious to find the command line right away, so read the article about different ways to start the console in this OS.
V operating system Windows has several ways to start the command line, here are the simplest ones:
- From the "Start" menu go to "Programs" ("All Programs"), and then to "System Tools" (in Windows 7 - "Accessories"), select the "Command Prompt" application.
- In the search box enter "cmd" (without quotes), the command line will be among the results that will open.
- After pressing "Win" + "R" on the keyboard, in the "Run" window enter the command to start the command line "cmd" (without quotes).
In normal mode, the command line is run as a user. To perform some actions in the command line, elevated Administrator rights of the computer are required. In this case, the command line must be run as administrator. Read the article on how to different versions operating system Windows.
How to execute a command on the command line
The command line is very simple: the user enters a text command and then presses the Enter key. If you need to enter several consecutive commands, repeat this operation several times.
After starting the command line, the command line interpreter window displays the version of the Windows operating system, and the location where the user is currently located. When started in normal mode, this is the address of the user profile on the system drive.
When you run the command prompt as administrator, the path looks like this: "C: \ Windows \ system32".
Windows command line commands must be entered in the interpreter window immediately after the ">" sign, at this point the cursor blinks.
To copy a command from the computer and then paste the command into the command line, use context menu right mouse button. Copy the command to the clipboard, paste the mouse cursor into the command prompt window, click on right button mice. Windows 10 supports copying and pasting using the standard keyboard keys: "Ctrl" + "C" and "Ctrl" + "V".
Some system applications are launched immediately after entering the command, which consists of the name of the application, for example, if you enter the command "calc", then on the computer run system program Calculator.
For other programs, you will need to enter full path before executable file applications. If there are spaces in the path to the file, the full path is enclosed in quotation marks, for example, this is how the command to launch the browser looks like Google chrome:
"C: \ Program Files (x86) \ Google \ Chrome \ Application \ chrome.exe"
After running a command from the command line, the implementation of the command execution is not always externally visible, due to the fact that there are internal changes in the operating system.
Other parameters are often added to the main command, keys for performing specific actions.
If you enter an incorrect command, for example, entered with errors, or if the Windows operating system cannot execute the command for any reason, a message appears in the command line interface window.
Command line commands for Windows
The user can independently learn the basic commands from the Command Line utility itself. To do this, just enter the command: "help".
The command line interface displays a list of basic commands.
To get information about the parameters of an individual command, you need to enter one of the following commands, which are executed in the same way (do not forget to put a space):
CommandName /? help command_name
As a result, you will receive information about all the parameters of this command.
Windows Command Prompt: List of Basic Commands
Check out the table for the commands used in the command Windows prompt... If I missed any important command, write about it in the comments to this article, I add the command to the table.
| Command | Action being performed |
|---|---|
| appwiz.cpl | launching a system tool to change or remove programs |
| arp | mapping and modifying ARP IP-to-physical tables used by the Address Resolution Protocol |
| assoc | displaying or changing file name extension associations |
| at | start programs at a specified time |
| attrib | display and change file attributes |
| azman.msc | authorization manager |
| bcdboot | tool for creating and restoring boot configuration data files |
| bcdedit | editing changes in the boot base of the boot system |
| break | changing the processing mode of the "Ctrl" + "C" key combination |
| blastcln | worm cleaning utility |
| bootcfg | configure, extract, change, or remove command line parameters in the Boot.ini file in Windows XP |
| call | calling one batch file from another |
| cacls | view and edit change access control tables (ACL) to files |
| calc | launching the Calculator application |
| cd | display the name or change the current folder |
| charmap | table of symbols |
| chcp | display or change the active code page |
| chdir | display or change the current folder |
| copy | copying one or more files |
| chkdsk | checking the disk for errors and displaying statistics |
| chkntfs | displaying or changing check disk parameters at boot time |
| ciddaemon | file indexing service |
| cipher | encryption of files and folders in NTFS |
| cleanmgr | Disk Cleanup utility |
| cls | clearing the screen |
| cmd | launching another Windows command line interpreter |
| compmgmt.msc | open the Computer Management console |
| color | setting the default foreground and background colors |
| comexp.msc | component services |
| comp | comparing the contents of two files or two sets of files |
| compact | view and change file compression settings on NTFS partitions |
| compmgmt.msc | Computer management |
| computerdefaults | default application selection |
| control | Control Panel |
| control admintools | administration |
| control desktop | screen customization and personalization |
| control folder | folder properties in Explorer options |
| control fonts | fonts |
| control keyboard | open the keyboard properties window |
| control mouse | mouse properties |
| control printer | devices and printers |
| control schedtasks | Task Scheduler |
| control userpasswords2 | |
| convert | transformation file system FAT volumes to NTFS (does not work on current drive) |
| copy | copying files to another location |
| credwiz | archiving and restoring usernames and passwords |
| date | displaying or setting the current date |
| debug | program debugging and editing tool |
| defrag | start disk defragmentation |
| del | deleting one or more files |
| desk.cpl | setting screen resolution |
| devicepairingwizard | adding a new device |
| devmgmt.ms | Device Manager |
| dfrgui | disk optimization (defragmentation) |
| dir | display a list of files and subfolders from the specified folder |
| diskmgmt.ms | opening the Disk Management snap-in |
| diskpart | displaying and configuring disk partition properties |
| diskperf | enable or disable performance counter |
| doskey | editing the command line, calling Windows commands again, creating macros |
| dpiscaling | setting display parameters |
| dxdiag | DirectX Diagnostic Tool |
| echo | displaying messages and switching the mode of displaying commands on the screen |
| endlocal | completing local environment changes for batch file |
| erase | deleting one or more files (wiping) |
| esentutl | utilities Maintenance Microsoft Windows databases |
| eudcedit | personal badge editor |
| eventcreate | create a special event entry in the specified event log |
| eventvwr.msc | viewing events |
| expand | unpacking compressed files |
| explorer | Windows explorer |
| fc | comparing files or sets of files, displaying differences between them |
| find | search for a text string in one or more files |
| findstr | search for a text string in a file |
| finger | information about the users of the specified system running the Finger service |
| firewall.cpl | Windows Defender Firewall |
| for | running the specified command for each file in the set |
| format | disk format |
| fsmgmt.msc | shared folders |
| fsquirt | Bluetooth file transfer |
| fsutil | showing and configuring file system properties |
| ftype | output or change file types when matching filenames |
| ftp | FTP file sharing |
| goto | transfer control to the specified line of the batch file |
| getmac | displaying the MAC addresses of one or more network adapters |
| gpresult | information on group politics for computer or user |
| graftabl | display extended character set in Windows graphics mode |
| gpedit.msc | Local Group Policy Editor |
| gpupdate | update settings for multiple group policies |
| hdwwiz | hardware installation wizard |
| icacls | display, change, archive, restore ACLs for files and directories |
| iexpress | creating a self-extracting archive |
| if | conditional processing in batch programs(files) |
| ipconfig | IP address information |
| joy.cpl | gaming devices |
| label | creating, changing and removing volume labels for disks |
| lodctr | updating registry settings related to counter performance |
| logman | management of the "Performance Alerts and Logs" service |
| logoff | end of session |
| lpksetup | installing or uninstalling Windows interface languages |
| lusrmgr.msc | local users and groups |
| magnify | Launching the Magnifier application |
| main.cpl | mouse properties |
| makecab | archiving files to a CAB archive |
| md | creating a directory (folder) |
| mdsched | checker random access memory for mistakes |
| mkdir | create directory (folder) |
| mmsys.cpl | sound properties |
| mode | configuring system devices |
| mofcomp | 32-bit compiler |
| more | sequential output of data in parts of one screen |
| mountvol | creating, viewing and deleting connection points |
| move | moving one or more files from one folder to another |
| mrinfo | work with multicast messages |
| mrt | running the uninstaller malware Malicious Software Removal Tool |
| msconfig | system configuration |
| msg | sending messages to the user |
| msinfo32 | system information |
| mspaint | launch graphic editor Paint |
| msra | Windows Remote Assistant |
| net | network resource management |
| ncpa.cpl | network connections |
| netstat | display of statistics of protocols and current network connections TCP / IP |
| netplwiz | user account management |
| notepad | launching the Notepad program |
| odbcconf | ODBC driver setup |
| openfiles | list output open files and folders open on the system |
| optionalfeatures | enable or disable Windows features |
| osk | launch the onscreen keyboard |
| path | output or set the search path for executable files |
| pause | suspend execution of a batch file, display a message |
| perfmon | system monitor |
| resmon | resource monitor |
| popd | restore the previous value of the current folder saved by the pushd command |
| prompt | changing windows command line |
| pushd | saving the current directory and then changing the directory |
| ping | sending packages to the specified address |
| powercfg | system power supply control |
| printing a text file | |
| qprocess | displaying information about processes |
| qwinsta | displaying information about Remote Desktop Services sessions |
| rd | deleting a directory |
| recover | recovery of saved data on a damaged disk |
| recdisc | creating a Windows recovery drive |
| reg | registry command |
| regedit | Registry editor |
| rem | placing a comment in batch file or to the config.sys file |
| ren | |
| rename | renaming files and folders |
| rmdir | deleting a directory |
| replace | file replacement |
| rstrui | Windows recovery from system restore points |
| runas | to use applications on behalf of another user |
| rwinsta | resetting the values of hardware subsystems and session programs to their initial state |
| secpol.msc | local security policy |
| services.msc | service |
| set | displaying, setting and removing Windows environment variables |
| setlocal | start local environment changes in batch file |
| sc | displaying and configuring services (background processes) |
| sfc | checking the integrity of all protected system files and replacement of the wrong |
| sigverif | file signature verification |
| shift | change the contents of replaceable parameters for a batch file |
| slui | Windows activation |
| sndvol | volume mixer |
| start | launch said program or commands in a separate window |
| schtasks | launching programs and executing commands on a PC on a schedule |
| sdbinst | compatibility database installer |
| sort | sorting program |
| subst | mapping a drive name to a specified path |
| sysdm.cpl | system properties |
| systeminfo | operating system configuration information |
| taskkill | force termination of a process or application |
| tasklist | showing all tasks performed in this moment including services |
| taskmgr | Task Manager |
| tcmsetup | installing a telephony client |
| time | viewing and changing the current time |
| timedate.cpl | time and date setting |
| title | assigning the title of the current window to the command line interpreter |
| tracert | trace route to the specified node |
| tree | graphical display of the structure of a given disk or folder |
| tscon | joining a user session to a remote desktop session |
| tsdiscon | disconnect a Remote Desktop Services session |
| tskill | termination of the process |
| type | outputting the contents of text files |
| typeperf | output performance information to screen or log |
| utilman | accessibility center |
| ver | displaying information about Windows versions |
| verifier | driver validator manager |
| verify | setting the check mode in Windows for the correctness of writing files to disk |
| vol | label output and serial number volumes for disk |
| vssadmin | command line utility for administering the volume shadow copy service |
| w32tm | showing the current options for displaying the time zone |
| winver | Windows version information on screen |
| wmic | Learn about WMI in the interactive command shell |
| write | text editor WordPad |
| wscui.cpl | security and service center |
| wusa | offline update installer |
| xcopy | copy files and folder tree |
Conclusions of the article
The command line in the Windows operating system allows the user to control the computer without using a graphical interface. To perform certain actions on a PC, you must enter special commands into the command line interpreter. This article has published a table with a list of the most popular commands for the Windows command line.
Don't worry if you've never used the command line before. It's pretty straightforward. We will tell you everything you need to get started using it. Below you will find a few of the most important commands for setting up your home network.
1. PING
PING is one of the basic and most useful CMD commands. It displays the quality of the connection, shows whether your computer can send data to the target IP address, and if so, at what speed.
Here's an example of using the command:
The command operates according to the following principle: it sends a certain number of data packets and determines how many of them came back. If some of them have not returned, she reports the loss. Packet loss leads to poor gaming and webcasting performance. This is a great way to test your internet connection.
By default, the command sends four packets with a timeout of four seconds for each. You can increase the number of packets like this: ping www.google.com -n 10
You can also increase the timeout duration (displayed in milliseconds): ping www.google.com -w 6000
2. TRACERT
TRACERT stands for Trace Route. Like PING, the command sends a data packet to solve network problems... However, it does not determine the speed of sending and returning a packet, but its route.
Usage example:
The command displays a list of all routers through which data passes on the way to the end node. Why do we see three duration metrics for each router? Because TRACERT sends three data packets in case one of the routers gets lost or for some reason takes too long.
3. PATHPING
PATHPING is similar to TRACERT, but it is more informative and therefore takes longer to execute. It analyzes the route of the data packets and determines at which intermediate nodes the loss occurred.
Usage example:
4. IPCONFIG
This command is most commonly used to debug networks on Windows. And the point is not only in the amount of information it provides, but also in the fact that it is combined with several keys to execute certain commands.
Usage example:
When entered without keys, IPCONFIG reflects all the network adapters on your computer, as well as how they work. IPv4 Addres and Default Gateway contain the most important information.
To flush the DNS cache, use the following key: ipconfig / flushdns
This operation can help if the Internet is working, but you cannot get to some sites or servers.
5. GETMAC
Each IEEE 802 compliant device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The manufacturer assigns each piece of equipment its own address, which is registered in the device itself.
Usage example:
You may see multiple MAC addresses depending on how many network adapters are installed on your computer. For example, Wi-Fi and Ethernet internet connections will have separate MAC addresses.
6. NSLOOKUP
NSLOOKUP stands for Name Server Lookup. The potential of this utility is huge, but most people don't need it. For ordinary users, only the ability to determine the IP address of a domain name is important.
Usage example:
Keep in mind that some domains are not tied to the same IP address, which means that you will receive a different address each time you enter a command. This is quite normal for large sites because they are loaded from a huge number of computers.
If you want to convert an IP address to a domain name, just enter it into your browser and you will see where it goes. However, not all IP addresses lead to domain names... Many of them cannot be reached through a web browser.
7. NETSTAT
This utility is a tool for collecting statistics, analysis and diagnostics. It is quite complex if you use its full potential (for example, configure the local network of an enterprise).
Usage example:
By default, the command shows all active connections on your system. An active connection does not mean that data is being exchanged. It only indicates that a port is open somewhere, and the device is ready to connect.
The command also has several keys that change the type of information displayed. For example, the key -r will display the routing tables.
8. NETSH
NETSH stands for Network Shell. This command allows you to configure almost any network adapter on your computer in more detail.
Typing NETSH puts the command line into shell mode. There are several contexts inside it (routing, DHCP-related commands, diagnostics).
You can see all the contexts as follows:
And you can see all the commands within the same context like this:
You can dig deeper and see a list of all subcommands within a single command:
For example, you can enter the following command to see all network drivers and their characteristics on your system: netsh wlan show drivers
Keep in mind that if you really want to be serious about configuring your network using the command line, you will have to master this command.
I already wrote about what it is and how to check under which address the outside world sees you. However, this information is often not enough to understand what address is assigned to your network card and also diagnose connection problems. Here is a list of commands that you can use. (also on my website you can read about visual setting)
First you need to open a command line. This is done like this: press the start button, select the "execute" item.
An alternative way - you need to press the Win key (between Ctrl and Alt) and R at the same time, this method also works on Vista
A window appears in which you need to enter cmd and click OK
The same command line appears
In it, you can type and "enter" commands by pressing Enter. The results can be copied - if you press the right button, you can select the desired piece, then you need to press the right mouse button again.
Ping command
The first team to get to know is ping that checks the availability of the given address. Enter the command ping 127.0.0.1... You should get something like this (if the command is not ping does not work, then, perhaps, the instructions for correcting the cmd no command error will help to solve the problem):
C: \ Documents and Settings \ Administrator> ping 127.0.0.1
Exchange of packets from 127.0.0.1 to 32 bytes:
Reply from 127.0.0.1: number of bytes = 32 time
Reply from 127.0.0.1: number of bytes = 32 time
Reply from 127.0.0.1: number of bytes = 32 time
Ping statistics for 127.0.0.1:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
C: \ Documents and Settings \ Administrator>
As we can see, 4 packets were sent to the address 127.0.0.1, and they all reached the goal. What was this address and why was I sure that the packets would arrive? The answer is simple - the packets were not sent anywhere, but remained on your computer. This address is specific and is used for loopback packets that do not go anywhere outside. Great, we can now "ping" the address of this site: 212.193.236.38
C: \ Documents and Settings \ Admin> ping 212.193.236.38
Exchange of packets from 212.193.236.38 to 32 bytes:
Reply from 212.193.236.38: bytes = 32 time = 3ms TTL = 55
Reply from 212.193.236.38: bytes = 32 time = 3ms TTL = 55
Reply from 212.193.236.38: bytes = 32 time = 3ms TTL = 55
Ping statistics for 212.193.236.38:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round-trip time in ms:
Minimum = 3ms, Maximum = 3ms, Average = 3ms
C: \ Documents and Settings \ Administrator>
You can only notice one difference - the packets did not arrive instantly, but in 3 milliseconds. I hope you also did not have any delay in the delivery of packages, and most importantly, you did not see a line like
Timed out request.
The appearance of such lines means that some of the packets are lost. This indicates a problem on the line or not on the server you are accessing.
Ipconfig command
The next important command is ipconfig... Enter it. I got it like this:
Ethernet - Ethernet adapter:
C: \ Documents and Settings \ Administrator>
V this case the address is 192.168.17.139. You can also ping this address (you ping yours) - packets should arrive instantly. The default gateway is the address to which a computer sends packets without finding a suitable address on its network. So, in my case, all packets, except for packets on 192.168.17. * Will be sent to 192.168.17.240, and that computer should already decide what to do with them and where to forward them next. Note: the local network, that is, those addresses to which packets are not sent to the gateway, is determined using a mask - a zero in the last place and 255 on all previous ones just means that the last number in the IP address can be arbitrary.
One of the standard actions when looking for connection problems is to ping your gateway. If the packets do not reach it, then, apparently, the problem is somewhere nearby, for example, the power cord is damaged or badly plugged in. It is also worth knowing where the computer with your main gateway is physically located - at the provider, somewhere in the house, or maybe it can be in your apartment. Note: some computers are configured not to respond to requests ping commands... Therefore, the absence of ping is not a 100% guarantee that there will be no connection with the address.
More detailed information can be obtained by command ipconfig / all... I managed:
C: \ Documents and Settings \ Administrator> ipconfig / all
Configuring IP for Windows
Computer name. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : sander
Primary DNS suffix. ... ... ... ... ... : MSHOME
Node type. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : mixed
IP routing is enabled. ... ... ... : No
WINS proxy is enabled. ... ... ... ... ... ... : No
DNS suffix lookup order. : MSHOME
Ethernet - Ethernet adapter:
DNS suffix for this connection. ... : srcc.msu.ru
Description. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : Broadcom 440x 10/100 Integrated Controller
Physical adress. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : 00-16-D4-63-03-65
Dhcp is enabled. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : Yes
Auto tuning is enabled. ... ... ... ... : Yes
IP address. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : 192.168.17.139
Subnet mask. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : 255.255.255.0
Main gate. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : 192.168.17.240
DHCP server. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : 192.168.17.240
DNS servers. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... : 212.192.244.2
212.192.244.3
C: \ Documents and Settings \ Administrator>
The most useful information I have highlighted in bold. gave me a dynamic address based on my MAC address or physical address. Mine are 212.192.244.2 and 212.192.244.3.
Other commands
Command tracert allows you to trace the path of packets from your computer to the target. Try, for example, trace the path to this site: tracert site... The lines in the trace output are points through which the packet passes along its path. The first point will be your gateway. Using the tracert command allows you to find the source of communication problems with an address. Packets sent by the tracert command have a TTL - time to live - positive integer. Each router along the path decreases this indicator by 1, if the TTL drops to zero, then the trace ends. By default, the initial TTL is 30, you can set a different value with the option -h.
Don't worry if you've never used the command line before. It's pretty straightforward. We will tell you everything you need to get started using it. Below you will find a few of the most important commands for setting up your home network.
1. PING
PING is one of the basic and most useful CMD commands. It displays the quality of the connection, shows whether your computer can send data to the target IP address, and if so, at what speed.
Here's an example of using the command:
The command operates according to the following principle: it sends a certain number of data packets and determines how many of them came back. If some of them have not returned, she reports the loss. Packet loss leads to poor gaming and webcasting performance. This is a great way to test your internet connection.
By default, the command sends four packets with a timeout of four seconds for each. You can increase the number of packets like this: ping www.google.com -n 10
You can also increase the timeout duration (displayed in milliseconds): ping www.google.com -w 6000
2. TRACERT
TRACERT stands for Trace Route. Like PING, the command sends out a data packet to solve network problems. However, it does not determine the speed of sending and returning a packet, but its route.
Usage example:
The command displays a list of all routers through which data passes on the way to the end node. Why do we see three duration metrics for each router? Because TRACERT sends three data packets in case one of the routers gets lost or for some reason takes too long.
3. PATHPING
PATHPING is similar to TRACERT, but it is more informative and therefore takes longer to execute. It analyzes the route of the data packets and determines at which intermediate nodes the loss occurred.
Usage example:
4. IPCONFIG
This command is most commonly used to debug networks on Windows. And the point is not only in the amount of information it provides, but also in the fact that it is combined with several keys to execute certain commands.
Usage example:
When entered without keys, IPCONFIG reflects all the network adapters on your computer, as well as how they work. IPv4 Addres and Default Gateway contain the most important information.
To flush the DNS cache, use the following key: ipconfig / flushdns
This operation can help if the Internet is working, but you cannot get to some sites or servers.
5. GETMAC
Each IEEE 802 compliant device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The manufacturer assigns each piece of equipment its own address, which is registered in the device itself.
Usage example:
You may see multiple MAC addresses depending on how many network adapters are installed on your computer. For example, Wi-Fi and Ethernet internet connections will have separate MAC addresses.
6. NSLOOKUP
NSLOOKUP stands for Name Server Lookup. The potential of this utility is huge, but most people don't need it. For ordinary users, only the ability to determine the IP address of a domain name is important.
Usage example:
Keep in mind that some domains are not tied to the same IP address, which means that you will receive a different address each time you enter a command. This is quite normal for large sites because they are loaded from a huge number of computers.
If you want to convert an IP address to a domain name, just enter it into your browser and you will see where it goes. However, not all IP addresses lead to domain names. Many of them cannot be reached through a web browser.
7. NETSTAT
This utility is a tool for collecting statistics, analysis and diagnostics. It is quite complex if you use its full potential (for example, configure the local network of an enterprise).
Usage example:
By default, the command shows all active connections on your system. An active connection does not mean that data is being exchanged. It only indicates that a port is open somewhere, and the device is ready to connect.
The command also has several keys that change the type of information displayed. For example, the key -r will display the routing tables.
8. NETSH
NETSH stands for Network Shell. This command allows you to configure almost any network adapter on your computer in more detail.
Typing NETSH puts the command line into shell mode. There are several contexts inside it (routing, DHCP-related commands, diagnostics).
You can see all the contexts as follows:
And you can see all the commands within the same context like this:
You can dig deeper and see a list of all subcommands within a single command:
For example, you can enter the following command to see all network drivers and their characteristics on your system: netsh wlan show drivers
Keep in mind that if you really want to be serious about configuring your network using the command line, you will have to master this command.
Recently I had to solve an interesting problem, namely, find out all the ip addresses of the equipment in local network... It seems that the task is ordinary, but it could be solved different ways... I would like to consider some of them within the framework of this article.
How to display a list of IP addresses on a network?
The first way to find out all the ip addresses on the local network is to work through the command line.
To do this, we press the start button, in search query write "cmd" and press the "Enter" key.
A command line editor window will open in front of us. There are a lot of commands in the editor that can be useful to us, but in this case we need the command "arp -a".
Enter this command into the terminal as shown in the following figure:
The "arp" command gives us not only the ability to determine the ip of the equipment, but also shows this equipment, which may also be of interest to us.
So, after you have entered the command and pressed "Enter", the entire list of ip addresses of equipment in the local network will open in front of you.
If you are only interested in the ip address of only your computer, then you need to enter the "Ipconfig" command in the terminal - then you will see all the data on your computer.
However, such commands do not always determine all Ip in the local network. And in this case, you will need a program to search for ip addresses in the network "Advanced IP Scanner" - this is a network scanner. You can download it on the Internet, and I, in turn, will tell you how to work with it.
Scanning the network for ip addresses
After installing the program, we click on the "Advanced IP Scanner" icon.
As a result of the launch, we see how working window programs.
As you can see, the scan showed us not only the IP of the equipment, but also the manufacturer's name and mac addresses - that is full information about the network.
But we do not always have access to computers on the local network: in this case, we have to use a smartphone, in my case it is an android-based smartphone. Download the network scanner program (for example, I have a Network IP scanner). And after starting, we press the network scan button: as a rule, after a few minutes we see the result of the network scan for ip addresses.
